منابع مشابه
Inductive reasoning
Our aim is to explain a general theory of inductive reasoning which is close enough to the concerns of language studies. In this setup , the optimal prediction rate is assigned to the hypothesis considered most likely by a prior-free form of Bayesian inference. In terms of practical applications a most attractive form of this approach is embodied by the so-called minimum description length (MDL...
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Inductive reasoning entails using existing knowledge or observations to make predictions about novel cases. We review recent findings in research on category-based induction as well as theoretical models of these results, including similarity-based models, connectionist networks, an account based on relevance theory, Bayesian models, and other mathematical models. A number of touchstone empiric...
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This paper reviews the main psychological phenomena of inductive reasoning, covering 25 years of experimental and model-based research, in particular addressing four questions. First, what makes a case or event generalizable to other cases? Second, what makes a set of cases generalizable? Third, what makes a property or predicate projectable? Fourth, how do psychological models of induction add...
متن کاملInductive Reasoning about Unawareness Inductive Reasoning about Unawareness
We develop a model of games with awareness that allows for di erential levels of awareness. We show that, for the standard modal logical interpretations of belief and awareness, a player cannot believe there exist propositions of which he is unaware. Nevertheless, we argue that a boundedly rational individual may regard the possibility that there exist propositions of which she is unaware as be...
متن کاملInductive reasoning about unawareness
We develop a model of games with awareness that allows for differential levels of awareness. We show that, for the standard modal-logical interpretations of belief and awareness, a player cannot believe there exist propositions of which he is unaware. Nevertheless, we argue that a boundedly rational individual may regard the possibility that there exist propositions of which she is unaware as b...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Mind
سال: 1888
ISSN: 0026-4423,1460-2113
DOI: 10.1093/mind/os-xiii.49.85